Jeanne d'Arc entering Orléans on 29 April 1429. Painting by Scherrer (c.1870).
CHRONOLOGY
Opening of the Siege.
1428
June, earl of Salisbury landed at Calais with large army.
July, Salisbury's army (reinforced) began campaign toward Loire Valley, capturing many towns near Orléans.
12 Oct, Salisbury began siege of Orleans.
23 Oct, English captured les Tourelles.
14 Oct, Salisbury wounded (died 27 October at Meung).
1 Dec, Talbot and Scales arrived with more English reinforcements. Talbot replaced that Suffolk as commander.
1429
12 Feb, Battle of the Herrings.
Late Feb - early Mar, city of Orleans appealed to the duc de Bourgogne for protection. Duke Bedford's refusal led to the withdrawl of Burgundian forces.
28 Apr, Jeanne and duc d'Alençon departed Blois with army and supply train.
29 Apr, Jeanne entered. Orleans.
30 Apr, Jeanne went to the ramparts and engaged in verbal exchanges with the English.
1 May, Dunois departed to get the rest of the Royal army at Blois.
2 May, Jeanne, continued to reconnoiter the English from the city's ramparts.
3 May, Orleans celebrated the 'Feast of the Finding of the Holy Cross' with a procession in the city.
4 May, Dunois and Gilles de Rais returned to Orleans via the north bank of the Loire. The French attacked St. Loup to the east of Orleans. Jeanne and a large force rushed out to join in the fight. Jeanne reached St. Loup just after the garrison had been overwhelmed and watched the slaughter.
5 May, Ascention Day, English evacuated all of their bastions on the south of the Loire, except two, where they concentrated their strength.
6 May, Jeanne and French forces departed through the Burgundy gate, crossed the river. Finding St.
Jean Le Blanc abandoned, the French assault and take Les Augustins.
French attacks on 6 May 1429. (1) First attack is, repulsed by English counterattack which, in turn,
is repulsed by second French attack (2) led by mounted men-at-arms that drove the English back to the barbican/'boulevard'.
7 May, Jeanne was wounded by an arrow as she attempted to climb the ladder in an assault on the barbican to les Tourelles.
Her banner was taken forth and the French launched a late, but inspired assault that took the boulevard.
Concurrently, militia from the city crossed the destroyed sections in the bridge and assaulted les Tourelles from the north.
French attacks on 7 May 1429.
8 May, English were allowed to withdraw from Orleans and retreat to Meung.
"Enter, ... for the city is yours!" Jeanne d'Arc calls out as her banner was carried to the wall of the barbican before Les Tourelles,
So is recorded the climatic moment of the French attack against the English stronghold at the siege of Orléans.
Detail of twentieth-century watercolor illustration by William Rainey from Mary Macgregor's The Story of France.
10-11 May, Dunois, Ponton and maréchal de Saint-Severe unsuccessfully attacked Jargeau.
10 May, Jeanne met Charles VII at Tours.
13 May, Jeanne and Dunois go with Charles VII to Loches.
13 May - 21 May, Jeanne at Saint-Florent-lès-Saumur.
22 May, Jeanne met king at Loches.
24 May, Jeanne departed Loches.
29 May, Jeanne at Selles-en-Berry.
6 Jun, Jeanne met Guy de Laval at Selles-en-Berry.
7 Jun, Jeanne at Romorantin.
9 Jun, Jeanne at Orleans. Army is regrouped and departed Orleans.
'The Loire Valley Campaign'.
11-12 Jun, Jargeau: attacked 11 Jun, taken 12 June.
14 Jun, Left Orleans.
15 Jun, Meung-sur-Loire: bridge guard station taken.
16 Jun, Beaugency: attacked and taken.
18 Jun, Battle of Patay.
19 Jun, Returned to Orleans.
22 Jun, Châteauneuf-sur-Loire, met king's council.
23 Jun, King returned to Gien.
24 Jun, Army departed for Gien.
25 Jun, At Gien. Letter inviting duc de Bourgogne to the anointing.
26 Jun, Gien. End of the 'Loire Valley Campaign'